#CSAM18 Day 15: Kim & Asian American Identity Development

There are five stages, which are progressive, but individuals spend varying amount of time in each stages. Ethnic Awareness is the first stage, which occured prior to elementary school for all subjects, and the reference point for their racial identity was their family. White Identitification is the second stage, and occured when there was an increase in contact with white people and racial prejudices. Awakening to Social Political Consciousness (ATSPC) is the third stage, and is when the subjects realized they were a minority within American society and that they were not personally responsible for their minoritized status. Redirection to Asian American Consciousness (RTAAC) is the fourth stage and is described as when subjects were able to identify as Asian American. Incorporation is fifth and is when the subjects were able to identify with multiple groups without losing their identity as an Asian American.

Title of theory: Asian American Identity Development

Year theory was published: 1981

Students originally studied: 10 third-generation Japanese American women, which were divided into two groups: those who grew up in predominantly white neighborhoods and those who grew up in non-white neighborhoods.

Background of the author: I found a few Dr. Jean Kims while trying to do background research, but I couldn’t be sure any of them were the Dr. Jean Kim who wrote this theory.

How theory can be used now: We should explore this theory for our own better understanding of how Asian Americans, regardless of their generational status, identify as such. We need to give them space to learn. To maybe learn how to be in a predominantly white community, or how to be surrounded by people who look like them, for the first time. We need to stop making assumptions and give students opportunities to explore their identities.

Words of warning: We need to be aware that some students may not progress through the stages fully, and we need to give them the space to explore on their own. We should not put our own expectations on their identity development. I remember talking about this in grad school, and some Asian American students identify themselves (or are identified by others within their communities) as twinkies or bananas - yellow on the outside but white on the inside. Giving our student space, not making assumptions, and not setting our own expectations on students is important for their identity development. Also - Kim only studied women and not men, so there's that, too. Oh, and if you're white, you should also think about your whiteness and how that plays a role when working with Asian American students.

 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI8118010/
http://www.theinclusionsolution.me/who-am-i-part-3-asian-american-identity-development/

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